Reproductive Isolation and Speciation Guided Viewing
1: What happened with Diane Dodd and the fruit flies? How did she create reproductive isolation?
Diane Dodd took fruit flies and put them into 2 groups that she fed different things. She was able to have 2 species that would bred with each other, stop breeding after feeding them different things.
2: What is the definition a species?
Species is a group of individuals that can inner-breed and produce fertile offspring.
3: What are the two main types of barriers in reproductive isolation?
Geologic and pre/post-zygotic
4: What is gene flow? What is reproductive isolation?
Gene flow is the genes within a population not being mixed. Reproductive isolation is a population not being able to reproduce with rest of the population due to barriers
5: What is geographic isolation? (Give an example).
Geographic isolation is when there is an isolation in a population due to where they exist. Ex/ Diane's bees
6: What is allopatric speciation? (give an example)
Allopatric speciation is when you have two groups that have different lands. Ex/ meadowlark
7: What is sympatric speciation? (give an example)
Sympatric is when you have 2 groups of species living on the same land. Ex/ Plants that get too many chromosomes
8: What is peripatric/parapatric speciation? (give an example)
Peripatric/parapatric speciation is when one group of a population moves to another area and starts to breed. Ex/ african elephant
9: What are pre-zygotic barriers? Name the types of pre-zygotic barriers (explain each). (Temporal, Mechanical, Behavioral)
Pre-zygotic barriers are things that occur before the zygotes form.
Temporal- Breeding species that breed at different times of the year
Behavior- When the behaviors of species or mating calls are different
Mechanical- When reproductive organs of species cannot reach one another
10: What are post-zygotic barriers? Name the types of post-zygotic barriers- give examples. (Zygote Mortality, Hybrid Sterility)
Post-zygotic barriers is when the sperm and egg mix to form a zygote but the zygote may die
Zygote Mortality: When the sperm and egg can mix but the zygote will die instantly
Hybrid Sterility: When two species mixed two create a whole new species, the offspring will survive but cannot reproduce
11: What is polyploidy? What happens? Where is this common?
Polyploidy is an example of very fast speciation. A mistake in chromosome numbers, which leads to the organism unable to breed, forming brand new species. This is incredibly common in plants.
12: What is the theory of Punctuated Equilibrium?
Punctuated equilibrium is the theory that speciation doesn't gradually happen over time, but rather very quickly.
Diane Dodd took fruit flies and put them into 2 groups that she fed different things. She was able to have 2 species that would bred with each other, stop breeding after feeding them different things.
2: What is the definition a species?
Species is a group of individuals that can inner-breed and produce fertile offspring.
3: What are the two main types of barriers in reproductive isolation?
Geologic and pre/post-zygotic
4: What is gene flow? What is reproductive isolation?
Gene flow is the genes within a population not being mixed. Reproductive isolation is a population not being able to reproduce with rest of the population due to barriers
5: What is geographic isolation? (Give an example).
Geographic isolation is when there is an isolation in a population due to where they exist. Ex/ Diane's bees
6: What is allopatric speciation? (give an example)
Allopatric speciation is when you have two groups that have different lands. Ex/ meadowlark
7: What is sympatric speciation? (give an example)
Sympatric is when you have 2 groups of species living on the same land. Ex/ Plants that get too many chromosomes
8: What is peripatric/parapatric speciation? (give an example)
Peripatric/parapatric speciation is when one group of a population moves to another area and starts to breed. Ex/ african elephant
9: What are pre-zygotic barriers? Name the types of pre-zygotic barriers (explain each). (Temporal, Mechanical, Behavioral)
Pre-zygotic barriers are things that occur before the zygotes form.
Temporal- Breeding species that breed at different times of the year
Behavior- When the behaviors of species or mating calls are different
Mechanical- When reproductive organs of species cannot reach one another
10: What are post-zygotic barriers? Name the types of post-zygotic barriers- give examples. (Zygote Mortality, Hybrid Sterility)
Post-zygotic barriers is when the sperm and egg mix to form a zygote but the zygote may die
Zygote Mortality: When the sperm and egg can mix but the zygote will die instantly
Hybrid Sterility: When two species mixed two create a whole new species, the offspring will survive but cannot reproduce
11: What is polyploidy? What happens? Where is this common?
Polyploidy is an example of very fast speciation. A mistake in chromosome numbers, which leads to the organism unable to breed, forming brand new species. This is incredibly common in plants.
12: What is the theory of Punctuated Equilibrium?
Punctuated equilibrium is the theory that speciation doesn't gradually happen over time, but rather very quickly.