Chapter 27 Guided Viewing
1: What does it mean that a factor is tangible? Intangible?
What makes a factor tangible is that is is able to by measured. Intangible is something that can't be measured
2: What is “tragedy of the commons”?
When a resources is exploited to the point of depletion
3: What is a “commons”?
Any resource owned publicly with public access for private uses
4: Explain how cow herding is an example of “tragedy of the commons”.
people can profit from selling a cow. More profit if cow grazes on commons land. Eventually grass in the commons land run out.
5: What are some examples of the “commons”?
US forests, ocean fisheries, deep-ocean seabeds, Antarctica and the atmosphere.
6: How does low growth rate of a resource contribute to its overexploitation?
It contributes to resource sustainability and maximum profit.
7: What is an externality? Give an example.
An externality is a cost that doesn't show up on the price tag. An example is air and water pollution to transport the product.
8: What are public services of nature (ecosystem services)? How much are they worth?
Public services of nature are things nature does for us and we rely on them. They are estimated to be worth between $3 trillion to $33 trillion per year
9: Why is it hard to value nature?
It is hard to value nature because everyone has their own personal preference on nature. Some include coherence, complexity, mystery, unity, vividness and variety.
10: How do we evaluate the acceptability of risk?
We evaluate the acceptability of risk in terms of the number of people affected, novel risks that appear to be less acceptable than natural risks and peoples willingness to pay for reducing a risk.
11: What is the U.S. Toxic Substances Control Act?
An act where no one may manufacture a new chemical substance without obtaining clearance from the EPA
12: How do we achieve environmental policy?
We achieve environmental policy by persuasion, direct control (regulations), market processes and government investments like research and education.
13: What are the 3 common methods of control of pollution?
What makes a factor tangible is that is is able to by measured. Intangible is something that can't be measured
2: What is “tragedy of the commons”?
When a resources is exploited to the point of depletion
3: What is a “commons”?
Any resource owned publicly with public access for private uses
4: Explain how cow herding is an example of “tragedy of the commons”.
people can profit from selling a cow. More profit if cow grazes on commons land. Eventually grass in the commons land run out.
5: What are some examples of the “commons”?
US forests, ocean fisheries, deep-ocean seabeds, Antarctica and the atmosphere.
6: How does low growth rate of a resource contribute to its overexploitation?
It contributes to resource sustainability and maximum profit.
7: What is an externality? Give an example.
An externality is a cost that doesn't show up on the price tag. An example is air and water pollution to transport the product.
8: What are public services of nature (ecosystem services)? How much are they worth?
Public services of nature are things nature does for us and we rely on them. They are estimated to be worth between $3 trillion to $33 trillion per year
9: Why is it hard to value nature?
It is hard to value nature because everyone has their own personal preference on nature. Some include coherence, complexity, mystery, unity, vividness and variety.
10: How do we evaluate the acceptability of risk?
We evaluate the acceptability of risk in terms of the number of people affected, novel risks that appear to be less acceptable than natural risks and peoples willingness to pay for reducing a risk.
11: What is the U.S. Toxic Substances Control Act?
An act where no one may manufacture a new chemical substance without obtaining clearance from the EPA
12: How do we achieve environmental policy?
We achieve environmental policy by persuasion, direct control (regulations), market processes and government investments like research and education.
13: What are the 3 common methods of control of pollution?
- setting maximum levels of pollution
- emission specific procedures and processes that reduce pollution
- charging fees for pollution emissions.